Final answer:
The statement about animals eating large quantities of vegetation is an example of inductive reasoning since it moves from a specific observation to a general conclusion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "Animals that live on plant foods must eat large quantities of vegetation" suggests a general observation based on specific instances. This type of reasoning, which moves from specific observations to broader generalizations, is known as inductive reasoning. To further illustrate inductive reasoning, consider the example: Every lion you've seen on TV hunts gazelles, therefore all lions hunt gazelles. On the other hand, deductive reasoning starts with a general statement and arrives at a specific conclusion, such as all tigers are mammals, all mammals are vertebrates, therefore tigers are vertebrates.