Final answer:
Thomas Jefferson argued that when a government ignores its people's will and fails to protect their rights, the people have the right to revolt and form a new government, as outlined in the Declaration of Independence.
Step-by-step explanation:
Thomas Jefferson, in the Declaration of Independence, argued that if a government disregards the will of the people and fails to protect their rights, the people are free to revolt against the government and form a new government. This principle was influenced by Enlightenment thought and reflected the American colonists' grievances against British rule, which included taxation without representation, obstruction of trade, denial of trial by jury, and suppression of self-government. Jefferson's vision was for a government that operated with the consent of the governed and ensured the protection of inalienable rights such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
The final answer to the student's question is: 1) Revolt against the government and 4) Form a new government. These actions are justified in Jefferson's view when any form of government becomes destructive of the fundamental rights and purposes for which it was established.