Final answer:
Antibodies are proteins that attach to pathogens and prevent their growth or entry into cells. They bind to specific sites on the pathogen, blocking their ability to infect host cells. Antibodies also neutralize pathogens, making them easier to eliminate from the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that attach to pathogens (such as viruses or bacteria) and prevent their growth or entry into cells. They do this by binding to specific sites on the pathogen, blocking their ability to infect host cells. For example, antibodies can prevent a virus from entering target cells by attaching to the viral particles and blocking their entry receptors.
Antibody coating also neutralizes pathogens, making them easier to eliminate from the body. Once the pathogens are neutralized, they can be filtered by the spleen and eliminated through urine or feces.
Overall, antibodies play a crucial role in the immune response by recognizing and neutralizing pathogens, preventing their harmful effects on the body.