Answer:
Frowning, squinting, looking down when speaking, and clenching hands are typically indicators of nervousness, not happiness, confidence, or excitement. The facial feedback hypothesis supports the notion that expressions like smiling can lead to increased happiness. The correct multiple-choice option is (3) Nervousness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The behaviors described in the question such as frowning, squinting, looking down when speaking, and clenching hands are typically associated with nervousness. These nonverbal cues can signal anxiety or discomfort. The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that our facial expressions can influence our emotional experiences.
For instance, smiling can make a person feel happier, while frowning might contribute to less positive emotions. This is supported by research indicating that when people's abilities to frown were reduced through Botox, those suffering from depression reported feeling less depressed. Furthermore, the intensity of our facial expressions can modulate the emotional reactions we have to events, implying that more intense smiles can generate stronger feelings of happiness.
The correct multiple-choice option is (3) Nervousness.