Final answer:
Frederick W. Taylor, known as the 'Father of Scientific Management', revolutionized industrial efficiency in the early 20th century with his book 'The Principles of Scientific Management'. He introduced time and motion studies to improve production processes, benefiting both employers and employees.
Step-by-step explanation:
The "Father of Scientific Management" is B.Frederick W. Taylor. As an engineer from Pennsylvania, Taylor advocated for the methodical improvement of industrial efficiency through what became known as "scientific management". In his seminal work, "The Principles of Scientific Management", published in 1911, he introduced his philosophy that by carefully analyzing and optimizing every aspect of the production process, one could significantly enhance productivity. This involved eliminating wasteful steps, standardizing tasks, and implementing time and motion studies to ensure that both employers and employees benefited through increased output and potentially higher wages, respectively. Taylor's work not only transformed the management of factories but also had an enduring influence on the field of industrial organizational psychology. His methods were sometimes met with resistance from workers who felt dehumanized by the rote nature of the tasks they were assigned. However, despite the mixed reception, Taylor's principles laid the groundwork for modern-day approaches to workplace efficiency and are an integral part of management studies.