Final answer:
The ratio of top-executive pay to that of an average worker is often described as creating income inequality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ratio of top-executive pay to that of an average worker is often described as creating income inequality.
Income inequality refers to the unequal distribution of wealth and income among individuals or groups in a society. In the examples provided, it is evident that there is a significant disparity between the average worker's pay and that of top executives. For instance, in the United States, the average pay of a CEO was 350 times higher than that of an average worker in 2012, compared to less than 50 times higher in 1983. This disparity in pay contributes to income inequality and can lead to social and economic consequences.