Final answer:
The debate over U.S. aid to Ukraine in 2022 exemplifies how constitutional ambiguities can highlight the system of checks and balances within the U.S. government's framework.
Step-by-step explanation:
The debate in 2022 over U.S. aid to Ukraine provides a good example of how constitutional ambiguities create opportunities for checks and balances. This system is a core democratic principle of American government, where each branch (executive, judicial, and legislative) has some influence over the other branches, potentially blocking procedures of the other branches. As for the checks the legislative branch has over the courts, the answer is d) all of the above: Senate approval is required for the appointment of justices and federal judges, Congress may rewrite a law the courts have declared unconstitutional, and Congress may withhold funding needed to implement court decisions.
Judicial review reinforces the checks and balances by policing actions of Congress, the president, and state governments to ensure they are in accord with the Constitution. However, whether an act violates the Constitution is often a subject of intense debate. Lastly, the executive branch, through the President, also has the power to check legislative authority by signing or vetoing bills, with Congress retaining the power to override a presidential veto with a supermajority.