Final answer:
Risk factors for antisocial behaviors linked to parenting include the parental behavior children observe and learn from, especially if there is inconsistency in discipline or exposure to aggressive behavior and substance abuse.
Step-by-step explanation:
The risk factors for antisocial behaviors that are most associated with ineffective parenting include expectations and examples that parents set for their children. If parents are inconsistent in their discipline or use aggressive behavior to handle stress, their children may learn to behave similarly, which can result in antisocial behaviors. Moreover, children who grow up in environments where substance abuse is present are more likely to experience abuse or neglect, which can be significant risk factors for later antisocial behavior. While genetic factors and socioeconomic status can play roles in the development of antisocial behavior, these are more distal and not directly related to parenting practices. On the other hand, positive reinforcement and consistent discipline, when used effectively, can actually be protective factors that mitigate the risk of developing antisocial behaviors.