Final answer:
Emotions consist of physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal. The properties of emotion include physiological arousal, cognitive appraisal, and subjective experience.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emotions are subjective experiences that consist of physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal. Various theories, such as the James-Lange theory, the Cannon-Bard theory, and the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory, have been proposed to explain the components of emotion. Therefore, the correct answer is option d. All of the above are properties of emotion.