Final answer:
NGOs are increasing in number and influence due to a heightened awareness of global social issues, their ability to intervene without breaching sovereignty, and their significant role in addressing transnational concerns and global crises, such as climate change-induced refugee situations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The explanations for why NGOs are increasing in number and influence recently include: growing awareness of social issues, the diplomatic reach and influence they have in global governance, and their ability to propose solutions to problems or provide aid without threatening a state's sovereignty. NGOs have grown due to their critical role in addressing transnational concerns such as environmental protection, humanitarian aid, healthcare, and economic development. Their focused efforts on specific issues, such as combating malaria or providing education in regions where governments cannot, have become increasingly important, especially in poorer or conflict-ridden areas. Furthermore, NGOs also have a significant presence within international governance structures like the United Nations (UN), holding consultative status and influencing policy.
However, the work of NGOs is not without challenges. They often need to adapt their objectives to secure funding and struggle with a bureaucratic structure that can divert attention from program objectives to administrative tasks. Worsening global issues, such as climate change, have also contributed to increased challenges like global refugee crises, where NGOs are often at the forefront, providing relief and advocating for solutions.