Final answer:
This question is about density, buoyancy, Archimedes' Principle, and mass conservation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question is Physics.
a) The density of an object or substance can be calculated by dividing its mass by its volume. In this case, the density of the water can be calculated by dividing the mass of the water (97.94 g - 37.00 g) by its volume.
b) Buoyancy is the force that causes objects to float in a fluid. It is determined by the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
c) Archimedes' Principle states that the buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
d) Mass Conservation refers to the principle that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction or physical transformation.