Final answer:
Satoshi Nakamoto published the white paper in 2008 that introduced the concept of blockchain technology, the basis of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual who published a white paper in 2008 introducing the concept of a distributed ledger system, which is the foundation of blockchain technology, was c) Satoshi Nakamoto.
This foundational paper, titled 'Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System,' described the underlying principles of a decentralized cryptographic ledger that supports Bitcoin and other subsequent cryptocurrencies.