Final answer:
The world's population continues to grow due to increased life expectancy and decreased mortality rates, in part related to advancements in medical science, public health, and technology, such as the use of fossil fuels in agriculture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The world's population is still growing even though the number of babies born doesn't increase due to several factors. Among these, increased life expectancy and decreased mortality rates are of particular significance. Increased life expectancy has resulted from advancements in medical science, public health, sanitation, and the availability of antibiotics and vaccines. These advancements have significantly reduced the impact of infectious diseases, which in the past had the power to greatly limit human population growth. As the gap between birth and death rates widened due to these health improvements, the human population grew faster.
Moreover, the development of technology during the industrial age, the availability of fossil fuels, and urbanization have contributed to reduced death rates by increasing resources for human population growth. These resources have sustained population growth through improved agriculture and the continued harvest of wild populations. It is also worth mentioning that public health and migration have played roles in the demographic changes observed worldwide.