Final answer:
The relationship between fertility and education in the United States and Canada over recent decades is an inverse correlation, where higher education is associated with lower fertility rates.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the United States and Canada, over recent decades, there has been a relationship between fertility and education that can be described as an inverse correlation. This means that as education levels increase, fertility rates tend to decrease. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data from May 2012 implies that with higher levels of education, economic outcomes such as earnings improve and unemployment rates fall. This economic security often leads to women having fewer children, supported by greater educational and economic opportunities for women, advances in gender equality, better knowledge of family planning, and access to contraception.