Final answer:
The official term for an astronaut's spacewalk suit is the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU). An astronaut and space suit weigh more on Earth than on the Moon due to gravity differences; however, the mass remains unchanged. A one-way mission to a gas giant poses significant psychological and health challenges with no return to Earth.
Step-by-step explanation:
Official Term for an Astronaut Space Suit
The official term for an astronaut space suit utilized during a spacewalk is the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU). The EMU is a sophisticated suit designed to provide life support and mobility for astronauts when they are outside of a spacecraft.
Mass and Weight on the Moon and Earth
The weight of an astronaut plus his space suit on the Moon is only 250 N. On Earth, the weight would be greater due to the stronger gravitational pull. The mass of the astronaut and his suit remains constant regardless of location, whether on the Moon or Earth, because mass is a measure of the amount of matter.
Challenges of a One-Way Mission to a Gas Giant
Volunteering for a one-way, life-long mission to a space station orbiting a gas giant presents immense challenges, including psychological effects of isolation, potential health risks from long-term exposure to microgravity, and the impossibility of physical return to Earth.