Final answer:
The connection between the Greek word basis for 'psychology' and modern psychology is best represented by the study of the mind and soul, as psychology's original focus was on these aspects and it has since evolved to scientifically explore behavior and mental processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The best representation of the connection between the definition of the Greek word that is the basis for the word psychology and the goals of modern psychology is a) The study of the mind and soul. This is because the original Greek word for psychology ('psyche') means 'soul' or 'mind', and 'logos' means 'study'. Modern psychology, although having expanded its scope, still fundamentally aims to study the mind and behavior. Over time, this field has evolved to include various paradigms that explain human behavior through observation, analysis, and application of scientific methods. One of the earliest forms of study related to psychology was phrenology, which attempted to correlate personality traits with the shape of the skull. It has been debunked as a pseudoscience but stands as an early example of trying to understand the mind in a systematic way. Today, psychology has developed into a discipline that focuses not only on mental health, but also on understanding cognitive processes, human behavior, and the interplay between mental and physical health.