Final answer:
The formula V = Vo + at is used to calculate the final velocity in physics, accounting for initial velocity, acceleration, and time. For constant acceleration, V = (Vo + V) / 2 is also used to find the average velocity. These formulas are essential in determining the motion and change in momentum of an object.
Step-by-step explanation:
Formulas that contain initial (Vo) and final velocity (Vf) are central to problems in physics dealing with motion. One fundamental equation is V = Vo + at, where V is the final velocity, Vo is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration, and t is the time. This relationship shows that final velocity depends on the initial velocity, the acceleration, and the time over which the acceleration occurs.
If acceleration is constant, another useful formula is V = (Vo + V) / 2, which indicates that the average velocity is the simple average of the initial and final velocities. This concept can be seen when an object accelerates evenly from one speed to another. To solve for the final velocity given the initial velocity, acceleration, and time, you can rearrange the first equation to Vf = Vo + (a × t).
To determine the change in momentum ("Δ momentum"), which is also related to initial and final velocities, the relevant formula would involve mass m (as momentum p equals m × V). The change in momentum can be calculated as m × (Vf - Vo).