Final answer:
The energy that moves tectonic plates is mainly generated by the radioactive decay of elements such as uranium and potassium within Earth's crust and mantle, along with residual heat from Earth's formation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The energy that moves the tectonic plates and causes phenomena such as earthquakes is primarily generated by radioactive decay of elements within the Earth's crust and mantle. This decay involves heavy elements such as uranium (238U) and potassium (40K), which release heat. This process, along with the initial heat from Earth's formation, drives the convection currents in the mantle leading to tectonic movement. Earthquakes themselves release energy in the form of waves that can cause significant destruction, demonstrating the transfer of energy through the crust.
While the heat from the ocean and earthquakes can influence other aspects of Earth's systems, they do not primarily drive the generation of tectonic plate movements. Instead, the heat from the ocean contributes to ocean currents and weather patterns, and the energy release during earthquakes is a result of the movement of tectonic plates, not the cause of it.