Final answer:
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is used to describe evolutionary change in the mean of a trait.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and equation are specifically used to describe the stability of genetic frequencies in a population over generations, not changes in the mean of a trait. The equilibrium serves as a baseline or null hypothesis to assess whether a population is evolving with respect to a particular gene or set of alleles.
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is concerned with the distribution of genotypes in a population, assuming that certain conditions (such as no mutation, no migration, random mating, large population size, and no selection) are met. The equation describes the expected genotype frequencies in a stable, non-evolving population.
For describing evolutionary changes in the mean of a trait, other models and concepts, such as natural selection, genetic drift, and quantitative genetics,
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is used to describe the evolutionary change in the mean of a trait. The equation is represented by p² + 2pq + q² = 1, where p represents the frequency of the dominant allele and q represents the frequency of the recessive allele. Deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equation indicate that the population is evolving.