Final answer:
To produce 124 g of ammonia, 101.99 g of nitrogen is required, based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 and the molar masses.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the number of grams of nitrogen required to make 124 g of ammonia (NH3), we use the molar mass of ammonia and the balanced chemical equation for its synthesis from nitrogen and hydrogen.
The balanced reaction is: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3. The molar masses are approximately 28.02 g/mol for nitrogen (N2) and 17.03 g/mol for ammonia (NH3).
First, we determine the number of moles of ammonia that correspond to 124 g:
124 g NH3 × (1 mol NH3/17.03 g) = 7.28 moles NH3
Using the stoichiometry of the reaction, 1 mole of N2 produces 2 moles of NH3. Therefore, the moles of nitrogen required are:
7.28 moles NH3 × (1 mol N2/2 mol NH3) = 3.64 moles N2
Finally, we convert the moles of nitrogen to grams:
3.64 moles N2 × (28.02 g/mol) = 101.99 g N2
Therefore, 101.99 g of nitrogen is required to produce 124 g of ammonia.