Final answer:
Pender's Health Promotion Model focuses on individual characteristics, behavior-specific cognitions, and affect in health promotion, emphasizing a positive dynamic state of health influenced by a biopsychosocial approach.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Pender's Health Promotion Model, the theory proper is centered on the understanding that health promotion is influenced by a set of individual characteristics and experiences, along with behavior-specific cognitions and affect. The heart of the theory emphasizes that health is not just the absence of disease, but a positive dynamic state. It posits that individual motivations, the perception of control over health, and behavior-specific beliefs and attitudes determine how individuals behave in promoting their health.
The model also incorporates the idea that health is maintained through a biopsychosocial approach—seeing health and illness as products of a combination of factors including biological characteristics (genetic predisposition), behavioral factors (lifestyle, stress, health beliefs), and social conditions (cultural influences, family relationships, social support).
The model encourages assessing how these factors interact and influence individuals to engage in health-promoting behaviors. Therefore, health can be defined and maintained through an interplay of personal, cognitive, behavior, and environmental influences, reflecting a comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to health and wellness.