Final answer:
The number of colonists who crossed the Atlantic varied, with the Mayflower carrying 101 passengers in 1620. Over 325,800 Africans were transported by 1625, and post-American Revolution, approximately 100,000 colonists relocated. Each voyage had differing numbers of passengers based on various factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The number of colonists that made the Atlantic crossing varies significantly across different periods and voyages during the colonization of the New World. The Mayflower, for instance, carried 101 passengers from Delfshaven, Holland, to the New World in July 1620, although fewer than one-third of these were Pilgrims, with the rest being 'strangers' according to William Bradford.
In contrast, the Middle Passage, which involved the forced transport of Africans as part of the transatlantic slave trade, saw vast numbers of people being moved to the Americas. By 1625, over 325,800 Africans had been sent to the New World and an estimated four million to the Caribbean between 1501 and 1830. Nonetheless, these numbers were further impacted by the harsh conditions of the voyage, where many perished before arrival.
During the Colonial Era, around 1607, just over 100 English men and boys arrived in coastal Virginia on three wooden ships. Years later, at the conclusion of the American Revolution, approximately 100,000 colonists, including loyalists, chose to leave the new United States for destinations such as England, Canada, or the British West Indies. It is important to note that these figures are merely a snapshot of the much larger and more complex movement of people during the period of transatlantic colonization and that each voyage could see a different number of colonists making the crossing.