Final answer:
Adding a secondary consumer to a food web can either increase competition for the tertiary consumer leading to a population decrease or provide more prey leading to an increase, depending on how the new consumer fits within the web.
Step-by-step explanation:
When adding another secondary consumer to a food web with three secondary consumers and one tertiary consumer, there can be several possible outcomes affecting the tertiary consumer. If the new secondary consumer increases competition for food, this could reduce the food available to the tertiary consumer, potentially leading to decreased population sizes of tertiary consumers. However, if the added secondary consumer also becomes prey for the tertiary consumer, this might provide more food for the tertiary consumer leading to potential population growth, depending on the balance between these dynamics. It is important to note that in a complex system like a food web, the impact on the tertiary consumer will also depend on other factors such as the availability of food for secondary consumers and the presence of other predators or environmental changes.