Final answer:
The big group of metals found within the periodic table is called the transition metals, which are situated in groups 3 to 12 and known for their multiple oxidation states, high melting points, and conductivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The big group of metals found within the periodic table is called the transition metals. These metals are located in groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table and are known for their ability to form various oxidation states and complex ions. The transition metals include elements like iron, copper, and nickel, and they often have high melting points and densities, and they are typically malleable and ductile.
While the transition metals occupy the central block of the periodic table, other groups also have specific names based on their properties. For instance, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2) are also well-known groups. The noble gases (group 18), noted for their lack of reactivity, and the halogens (group 17), known for being highly reactive, are examples of groups with nonmetals.