Question

Why are there laws limiting the freedom of speech?

A. The soap is not attracted to the polar stain.
B. The soap competes with the polar solvent to interact with the stain, and it doesn't play a significant role in removing it.
C. The polar solvent is too attracted to the tails of the soap molecules.
D. If the soap surrounded the stain with the polar end, the nonpolar end would come in contact with the polar solvent, which is more stable.

Answer 1

Soap cleans by having molecules with amphiphilic properties, meaning they have hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends, allowing them to interact with both nonpolar substances like oil and polar substances like water, forming micelles that can be washed away.

Step-by-step explanation:

The cleaning action of soaps and detergents is due to their unique molecular structure, which allows them to act as a bridge between polar (water-soluble) and nonpolar (water-insoluble) substances, such as oil and grease. These molecules are termed amphiphilic because they have both hydrophobic ("water-fearing") and hydrophilic ("water-loving") parts. The hydrophobic tail of the soap molecule dissolves in the grease or oil, while the hydrophilic head remains in the water. This causes the dirt or oil to form tiny droplets, called micelles, which can be washed away by water. The surfactant nature of soap also lowers the surface tension of water, making it easier for water to spread and moisten surfaces.