Final answer:
A FAULT light accompanied by an ECAM caution message on ENG 1(2) BLEED pushbuttons signals a malfunction in the engine bleed air system, necessitating crew attention to diagnose and follow checklist procedures.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a FAULT light illuminates along with an ECAM caution message on the ENG 1(2) BLEED pushbuttons of an aircraft's air conditioning panel, it indicates that there is a malfunction in the engine bleed air system. This could be caused by several issues, such as an overpressure condition, a leak in the bleed air system, or a faulty component within the system. The ECAM, or Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor, will display a caution message providing more details about the specific nature of the fault.
The purpose of the engine bleed air is to supply pressurized air for various systems on the aircraft, including the air conditioning and pressurization system. A FAULT light is a critical indicator that there is an issue that needs to be addressed by the flight crew following the appropriate checklist procedures. Ignoring such warnings can lead to more significant problems, including the risk of damage to the bleed air system or even safety concerns for the aircraft.