Final answer:
The release of damaging protein into the blood from muscle breakdown is a condition known as rhabdomyolysis, which can be caused by various factors such as injury or excessive physical activity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition where the breakdown of muscle tissue results in the release of damaging protein into the blood is known as rhabdomyolysis. This occurs when there is damage to the muscle, causing the sarcolemma to tear and leading to an influx of Ca++, which results in cellular damage and muscle fiber degradation. As the damaged muscle tissue breaks down, it releases proteins such as myoglobin into the bloodstream, which can be harmful to the kidneys and other organs. Apart from traumatic injury, rhabdomyolysis can also be caused by extreme physical activity, certain medications, or medical conditions.
Proteins, the polymers of amino acids, when broken down provide energy in conditions such as starvation, but this also leads to muscle wasting and functional impairments as muscle mass is lost over time. Additionally, metabolic imbalances can lead to conditions where protein levels in blood plasma fluctuate significantly, impacting the body's osmoregulation and potentially leading to severe health issues.