Final answer:
Contact lens wearers are particularly susceptible to corneal damage due to increased risk of infections like Acanthamoeba keratitis and bacterial keratitis, caused by organisms thriving in the space between the lens and the cornea. Proper lens care, such as disinfection and avoiding usage in water, is crucial for prevention. Herpes keratitis caused by HSV-1 also causes corneal damage and requires antiviral treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Contact lens wearers are at a higher risk for developing keratitis, leading to corneal damage. The risk increases due to organisms like Acanthamoeba, which can cause Acanthamoeba keratitis. This condition is manageable if treated promptly with topical antiseptics but can lead to vision impairment, or even blindness, if left untreated. Additionally, bacterial keratitis often caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa can disrupt the cornea, especially in those who misuse contact lenses. Proper disinfection of lenses and avoiding wearing them during activities like swimming can prevent these infections.
Herpes keratitis, caused by the HSV-1 virus, can also result in corneal damage. This virus may infect the eye leading to keratoconjunctivitis, necessitating antiviral medications after laboratory confirmation. Moreover, general use of contact lenses might alter the normal microbiota of the eye, potentially leading to eye diseases.
It is noteworthy that other factors beyond contact lens use can also result in corneal damage, such as exposure to certain chemicals causing severe irritation and damage. In all cases, preserving the integrity of the cornea is paramount to maintaining vision and preventing blindness.