Question

A client with bilateral varicose veins of the lower extremities questions the nurse about the brownish discoloration of the lower legs. The best response by the nurse is, "This is probably the result of:

1. Inadequate arterial blood supply."

2. Delayed healing of tissues after an injury."

3. Increased production of melanin in the area."

4. Leakage of red blood cells through the vascular wall."

Answer 1

The brownish discoloration of the lower legs in clients with varicose veins is likely due to the leakage of red blood cells through the vascular wall, leading to hemosiderin deposition in the tissue.

Step-by-step explanation:

The brownish discoloration of the lower legs in a client with bilateral varicose veins is most likely the result of "Leakage of red blood cells through the vascular wall." Varicose veins occur when defective valves in the veins lead to blood pooling. This can cause the veins to become distended and visibly twisted. The pooled blood increases pressure in the veins and can lead to fluid and red blood cells leaking out into the surrounding tissue. When red blood cells break down outside of vessels, the hemoglobin inside them is metabolized to hemosiderin, a brownish pigment, causing the discoloration.

Moreover, the condition known as edema can accompany varicose veins and contributes to swelling due to the accumulation of excess tissue fluid, exacerbating the symptoms. Conventional treatments focus on alleviating symptoms and preventing further deterioration of the vein's function, such as using support hose or undergoing various surgical procedures to remove or reduce varicose veins.