Question

set of genes that originate from a common ancestral gene; are very similar in structure and products are very similar

Answer 1

The set of genes that originate from a common ancestral gene; are very similar in structure and products are very similar is homologous structures

Step-by-step explanation:

Homologous structures are a set of genes that originate from a common ancestral gene and are very similar in structure and the products they produce. These genes have been relatively well conserved during evolution, especially in genes important for embryonic development of animals. This means that these genes are more similar among different species than many other genes. The conservation of these genes across animal species can be explained by the fact that they share a common ancestor in the deep past.

Using modern technology, scientists can directly compare the genes of living species. The more genes different species share in common, the more closely related they are presumed to be. For example, humans and chimpanzees share about 98% of their genes, indicating a recent common ancestor. Homologous structures are also observed in organisms that share similar physical features and genomes, further supporting the concept of a common ancestry.

In summary, homologous structures are genes that share a common ancestry and are very similar in structure and function. These genes have been conserved during evolution, especially in genes important for embryonic development. Shared genes and homologous structures provide evidence for a common ancestry among different species.