Final answer:
The correct answer is B) improved ecosystem health. Surface mining can result in increased pollution, destruction of flora and fauna, erosion of soil, and opened pits.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is B) improved ecosystem health. Surface mining, also known as strip mining or open-pit mining, is a method of extracting minerals or ores from the Earth's surface.
One of the main consequences of surface mining is increased pollution, as mining operations can release harmful chemicals and pollutants into the air, water, and soil. The destruction of flora and fauna is also a common consequence, as the process of mining involves removing vegetation and disrupting habitats.
Erosion of soil is another significant consequence of surface mining. The removal of large portions of the earth can lead to soil erosion, causing the loss of topsoil and nutrient-rich soil.
Finally, opened pits are another consequence of surface mining, as mining operations often leave behind large open pits or craters.
It's important to note that while B) improved ecosystem health is not a consequence of surface mining, it is a possible goal or outcome of environmental conservation and restoration efforts in areas affected by mining activities.