Final answer:
Ovulation is the release of an egg from the ovary, typically occurring around day 14 of a 28-day menstrual cycle and is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH).
Step-by-step explanation:
Ovulation is a critical event in the menstrual cycle of a female, where an egg is released from the ovary. It is typically the second phase of the ovarian cycle, taking place around day 14 during a 28-day menstrual cycle.
This complex process is controlled by hormones, primarily the luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. The LH surge initiates ovulation by maturing the egg and facilitating its release into the fallopian tube.
Before ovulation, the follicular phase occurs, under the influence of estrogen which gradually rises and initially suppresses LH. As the estrogen level reaches a certain threshold, it triggers a significant increase in LH, known as the LH surge. This leads to the final maturation of the Graafian follicle, ultimately causing the release of an oocyte. If sperm are present in the fallopian tubes at this time, fertilization may occur.
Otherwise, the cycle progresses to the luteal phase, characterized by a rise in progesterone to prepare the endometrium for potential implantation of a fertilized embryo.
The given question is incomplete, The complete question is below:
"Explore the process of ovulation in females, Define ovulation and describe the physiological changes that occur during this phase of the menstrual cycle.