Final answer:
Malcolm Gladwell suggests strategies such as fostering diverse talents through engaged parenting, less reliance on technology, and broadening communication strategies to engage all personality types to alleviate the Matthew effect.
Step-by-step explanation:
Malcolm Gladwell suggests several strategies to alleviate the Matthew effect, which refers to the phenomenon where the rich get richer and the successful become more successful. He advocates for the recognition of the importance of cultural practices and social environments in shaping individual success.
Gladwell points to the example of Asian societies, where the intensive labor associated with wet rice cultivation has instilled a strong work ethic that translates to other areas, such as mathematics.
To counteract the Matthew effect, he implies that less reliance on technology can lead to greater mental capacity and recommends fostering diverse talents and skills through engaged parenting, as seen in higher-income families.
Additionally, Gladwell suggests creating broad appeal in communication strategies to engage all personality types, and inspires individual actions that can lead to collective changes in behavior.