Final answer:
Deep Blue is the IBM computer that defeated Garry Kasparov in a chess match in 1997, marking a significant milestone in the field of artificial intelligence and computer advancements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name of the IBM computer that defeated world chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997 is Deep Blue. This was a watershed moment in the field of artificial intelligence and marked the first time a computer defeated a reigning world chess champion under standard chess tournament conditions, and with time controls.
As we look at the journey of computers, instances such as the invention of Turing's Bombe to break the Enigma cypher, and the rise of personal computers like the Apple II, show the rapid advancement in computing power over the years.
The development of machines like Deep Blue illustrates how digital computers have been designed to process large amounts of information efficiently, a feat made possible by various innovations in computer engineering and software design.
So, the answer is deep blue.