Final answer:
The realism of Henry James and Edith Wharton differs from that of William Dean Howells in their emphasis on psychological depth and social critique, as opposed to Howells' focus on objective and optimistic portrayals of everyday life.
Step-by-step explanation:
Henry James and Edith Wharton's Realism: Both James and Wharton are known for their psychological realism, delving into the inner workings of their characters' minds. They explore the complexities of human emotions and relationships, often using subtle nuances and intricate character analyses. William Dean Howells' Realism In contrast, Howells is associated with a more objective and optimistic form of realism. He portrays everyday life with a positive outlook, emphasizing the ordinary and the commonplace.
Psychological Depth vs. Objectivity The key difference lies in the depth of psychological exploration. James and Wharton focus on the inner struggles and complexities of their characters, adding layers to the narrative. Howells, on the other hand, maintains a more objective stance, depicting events without delving as deeply into the psychological intricacies.