Final answer:
The nurse should prioritize monitoring the patient's serum potassium levels and cardiac function when administering IV potassium, because of the significant impact potassium has on muscle and nerve functions, including the heart. Proper protocols are followed to ensure safety in administering the correct concentration and infusion rate.
Step-by-step explanation:
When administering IV potassium, the nurse should prioritize monitoring the patient's serum potassium levels and cardiac function. Potassium is a critical electrolyte that helps establish the resting membrane potential in neurons and muscle fibers, including cardiac cells. The administration of potassium via IV can quickly alter serum potassium levels, which can have serious effects on the heart and the neuromuscular system. Nurses should monitor for signs of hyperkalemia, which can include muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and changes in heart rate. It is also crucial to ensure proper infusion rate and concentration as ordered by a physician.
In the scenario presented where a patient is suffering from hypokalemia (low potassium levels), an aide would not spontaneously take out an IV bag; instead, proper medical protocols involving checking the doctor's orders and having the nurse prepare the IV administration would be followed to ensure safety and accuracy. The aide could assist in gathering supplies required for the procedure under the supervision of medical personnel.