Final answer:
Olga's behavior can be described as assimilation, where she adopts the characteristics and practices of the dominant culture in her new country. Therefore, the correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
Olga's behavior can be described as assimilation. Assimilation is the process by which a minority individual or group gives up its own identity by taking on the characteristics of the dominant culture. In the case of Olga, she has moved to America from Germany and is celebrating national holidays like Thanksgiving and the 4th of July with her new friends, adopting the cultural practices of her new country.
Olga is displaying assimilation by adopting customs and holidays such as Thanksgiving and the 4th of July in the United States. Assimilation is the process whereby an individual or group adopts the characteristics of a dominant culture, potentially losing aspects of their original culture in the process. This concept is different from cultural preservation, which involves maintaining one's original cultural practices, and multiculturalism, which appreciates and embraces the coexistence of diverse cultures within a society. Ethnocentrism, on the other hand, is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others, and is not what Olga is exhibiting by celebrating U.S. holidays.
Nationalism and xenophobia are not exhibited by Olga's actions. Nationalism is a strong identification with pride in one's nation, often at the exclusion of others, and xenophobia is a fear or hatred of foreign cultures or peoples. Olga is engaging with her new community in a way that does not involve fear or disdain, but rather inclusion and adaptation.
Therefore, the correct option is A.