Let's analyze the given sentences from a morphosyntactic perspective:
1. "El abogado persistente ganó el juicio ayer."
- "El abogado persistente" (The persistent lawyer) is the subject.
- "ganó" (won) is the verb, in past tense, agreeing with the subject.
- "el juicio" (the trial) is the direct object.
- "ayer" (yesterday) indicates the time of the action.
2. "El hombre del sombrero recibió la triste noticia por la tarde."
- "El hombre del sombrero" (The man with the hat) is the subject.
- "recibió" (received) is the verb, in past tense, agreeing with the subject.
- "la triste noticia" (the sad news) is the direct object.
- "por la tarde" (in the afternoon) indicates the time of the action.
3. "La docente universitaria explicó el tema a sus alumnos en clases presenciales."
- "La docente universitaria" (The university teacher) is the subject.
- "explicó" (explained) is the verb, in past tense, agreeing with the subject.
- "el tema" (the topic) is the direct object.
- "a sus alumnos" (to her students) is the indirect object.
- "en clases presenciales" (in face-to-face classes) provides additional information about the location.
4. "Los vidrios del automóvil están un poco sucios."
- "Los vidrios del automóvil" (The car windows) is the subject.
- "están" (are) is the verb, in present tense, agreeing with the subject.
- "un poco sucios" (a little dirty) is an adjective phrase modifying the subject.
5. "Agregué la manteca a la mezcla."
- "Agregué" (I added) is the verb, in past tense, indicating the action performed by the subject.
- "la manteca" (the butter) is the direct object.
- "a la mezcla" (to the mixture) provides additional information about the recipient of the action.
6. "La banda de música brindó un concierto inolvidable."
- "La banda de música" (The music band) is the subject.
- "brindó" (provided) is the verb, in past tense, agreeing with the subject.
- "un concierto inolvidable" (an unforgettable concert) is the direct object.
7. "Dos camiones chocaron en la autopista."
- "Dos camiones" (Two trucks) is the subject.
- "chocaron" (collided) is the verb, in past tense, agreeing with the subject.
- "en la autopista" (on the highway) provides additional information about the location.
These analyses identify the grammatical components and relationships within each sentence, including subjects, verbs, objects, and modifiers.