Final answer:
Neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles within the axon terminals of neurons. They are released into the synapse when the neuron is stimulated, enabling the transmission of signals to neighboring cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurotransmitters are stored in neurons in small intracellular structures called vesicles, specifically within the axon terminals. The neurotransmitters are released through a process called exocytosis. This chemical signaling process occurs when the neuron is appropriately stimulated.
The neurotransmitter molecules are then released into the synapse, a small gap between neurons, which then binds to the surface of the other cell, thus transmitting the signal.
Axons are tube-like structures that propagate the signal from the neuron cell body to specialized endings called axon terminals. An axon terminal then synapses on other neurons, muscles, or target organs, enabling the communication of signals to these other cells.
Some neurotransmitters that have been very extensively studied are dopamine, acetylcholine, epinephrine, serotonin, and GABA, all of which are involved in various neurological processes and impact a wide variety of human behaviors.
Learn more about Neurotransmitters