Final answer:
The respiratory nucleus in the pons is known as the pontine respiratory group (PRG), consisting of the apneustic and pneumotaxic centers that regulate the depth and rate of breathing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The respiratory nucleus that resides in the pons is the pontine respiratory group (PRG). This group consists of the apneustic and pneumotaxic centers. The apneustic center is a double cluster of neuronal cell bodies that stimulate neurons in the dorsal respiratory group (DRG), controlling the depth of inspiration, particularly for deep breathing.
The pneumotaxic center is a network of neurons that inhibits the activity of neurons in the DRG, allowing relaxation after inspiration, and thus controlling the overall rate of breathing.
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