Final answer:
The property of visible light demonstrated with a prism is refraction. This leads to dispersion as light of different wavelengths (colors) are refracted differently. The phenomenon whereby violet light is refracted more than red light, leading to a rainbow of colors, is known as Newton's rainbow experiment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The property of visible light demonstrated with a prism is refraction (option c). This happens as light enters one face of a prism and its path is refracted or bent. But not all colors are bent by the same amount. The bending depends on the wavelength of the light and the properties of the material - the prism in this case. As a result, different wavelengths or colors of light are bent by different amounts and follow slightly different paths through the prism. This occurrence where different colors are bent to different degrees is known as dispersion.
Using a prism, you can see that the violet light is bent more than the red. This forms a sequence of red to violet light, because the index of refraction steadily increases with decreasing wavelength. This is the same process that explains Newton's rainbow experiment.
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