Final answer:
If Congress were to jail the President after impeachment and conviction, it would be a violation of the principle of separation of powers, as jailing is within the purview of the judiciary. The impeachment process in Congress can lead up to removal from office and disqualification from holding federal offices.
Step-by-step explanation:
If the Congress were to impeach a President, find him guilty of a crime, and then jail him, this scenario would be a b) violation of the separation of powers. When a President is impeached, the House of Representatives initiates impeachment proceedings in which they accuse the President of high crimes and misdemeanors. A simple majority vote in the House is required to impeach the President. Following this, the Senate acts as the jury and decides whether or not to remove the President from office with a two-thirds majority vote. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court presides over this trial.
If the President is found guilty, they are removed from office and can be disqualified from holding other federal offices. However, it is important to understand that the Congress does not have the power to jail the President. This task is left to the judicial branch, thus, if Congress were to jail the President, it would infringe upon the powers of the judiciary, thereby violating the principle of separation of powers.
Learn more about Impeachment & Separation of Powers