Final answer:
Athena appeals on behalf of Odysseus due to his admirable qualities, while Poseidon holds a grudge against him for blinding his son, the Cyclops Polyphemus.
Step-by-step explanation:
At the meeting of the gods at Olympus, Athena appeals on behalf of Odysseus. She does so because she admires his intelligence, cunning, and bravery. Athena presents Odysseus as a hero who is deserving of the gods' support in his journey back home.
The reason for Poseidon's grudge against Odysseus is that Odysseus blinds the Cyclops Polyphemus, who is Poseidon's son. This act of vengeance angers Poseidon, resulting in his constant interference with Odysseus' journey, causing him various hardships and delays.
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