Final answer:
When Peter the Great became ruler, Western Europe was more advanced than Russia in terms of political centralization, technology and industry, and the economy.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Peter the Great became ruler, Western Europe was more advanced than Russia in several ways. One way was in terms of political centralization. Western European countries had well-established centralized governments and strong monarchies, while Russia was still transitioning from feudalism to a centralized state under Peter the Great. Another way was in terms of technology and industry. Western Europe had advanced industrial and technological advancements, such as printing presses and manufacturing processes, which Russia was just starting to adopt under Peter the Great's modernization reforms. Lastly, Western Europe had a larger and more developed economy with extensive trade routes and established banking systems, while Russia's economy was more agrarian and less developed.
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