Final answer:
France colonized Africa by 1850.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is France.
By 1850, France was one of the European nations that had started colonizing Africa. The colonization of Africa by European powers, known as the Scramble for Africa, occurred predominantly in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. France established colonies in West Africa, North Africa, and Central Africa, including regions such as Senegal, Algeria, and Gabon.
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