Final answer:
Fission is a nuclear reaction where the nucleus of an atom splits into two smaller nuclei, releasing a significant amount of energy and high-energy particles. It is characterized by the release of energy, generation of daughter particles, and the release of harmful radiation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Fission is a nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two smaller and lighter nuclei. This reaction releases a large amount of energy and is accompanied by the release of multiple high-energy particles, such as neutrons. Fission can occur spontaneously or can be induced by bombarding the nucleus with a subatomic particle, usually a neutron. Some characteristics of fission include:
- Release of a significant amount of energy: During fission, a huge amount of energy is released in the form of gamma rays, as well as the kinetic energy of the split nuclei and the high-energy particles.
- Generation of multiple daughter particles: The fission process produces several daughter particles, including neutrons, which can go on to initiate a chain reaction in other nuclei.
- Release of radiation: Fission generates harmful radiation in the form of gamma rays, which can be damaging to living cells and can pose a significant health hazard if not properly shielded.
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