Final answer:
In a generator, the spinning of the magnet induces an alternating current (AC) due to the change in the orientation of the magnet in relation to the coil. On the other hand, in a battery, the movement of electrons in one direction is called direct current (DC), which occurs from the negative terminal (high potential) to the positive terminal (low potential).
Step-by-step explanation:
In a generator, as the magnet spins, opposite poles of the magnet push the electrons in opposite directions. This back and forth movement of electrons is called alternating current, often abbreviated as AC. The movement of electrons in one direction in a battery is called direct current, known as DC.
The generator produces AC as the magnet's movement repeatedly changes its orientation in relation to the coil, which leads to the change in the direction of the electromagnetic force, and by extension, the direction of the current. On the other hand, in a battery, the flow of electrons (or current) occurs from a high potential (negative terminal) to a low potential (positive terminal), thus remaining in one direction.
For instance, if we consider a simple experiment where a bar magnet is pushed in and out of a coil, emfs (Electromotive Forces) of opposite signs are produced by movement in opposite directions, and the emfs are also reversed by reversing poles. This gives us a practical understanding of how AC is produced in a generator.
Learn more about Alternating and Direct Current