Final answer:
The Council of Trent was called by Pope Paul III to respond to challenges made by the Protestants and address issues within the Catholic Church during the Counter-Reformation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Council of Trent was called by Pope Paul III in response to the challenges against the Roman Catholic Church by the Protestants. The council sought to clarify and reaffirm Catholic teachings, as well as address issues such as the selling of indulgences. It played a significant role in the Counter-Reformation, as it aimed to counter the Protestant movement and restore unity within the Catholic Church.
Learn more about The Council of Trent and its purpose