Final answer:
The main reason for the emergence of political machines during the Second Industrial Revolution was rapid urbanization. Political machines provided assistance and services to the urban poor in exchange for political support.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main reason for the emergence of political machines during the Second Industrial Revolution was rapid urbanization. As cities rapidly grew due to industrialization, there were many new immigrants and poor workers who needed assistance and support. Political machines, such as Tammany Hall in New York City, took advantage of this situation, offering help in exchange for political support. They provided services, such as jobs, housing, and social welfare, to the urban poor in exchange for their votes.
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