Final answer:
Divergent evolution is the pattern of evolution that results in one species splitting into many over time.
Step-by-step explanation:
In biology, the pattern of evolution that results in one species splitting into many over time is known as divergent evolution.
This occurs when a population of a single species becomes geographically isolated and is subjected to different selective pressures and environmental conditions. Over time, the isolated populations accumulate genetic and phenotypic differences, eventually leading to the formation of multiple distinct species.
For example, the Darwin's finches in the Galapagos Islands underwent divergent evolution. Each island had different food sources, which led to variations in beak size and shape among the finch populations.
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